Concepts

Changes in species geographic distributions in response to changing climate conditions, typically involving movement to higher elevations or latitudes

The frequency and duration of annual pond inundation vs. exposure, with categories including temporary ponds (dry annually in early summer), semi-permanent ponds (dry in late summer in most but not al...

Excessive extracellular stalk production by individual cells that coalesce to form a continuous mat covering the stream bottom

Chemical cues released by predators that benefit prey by providing information about predator presence

The distribution of individuals across different size or age classes within a population

Temporary pond hydroperiod reduction that triggers behavioral and physiological responses in aquatic organisms

The emission of visible light by organisms following the absorption of shorter wavelengths of light

Low nutrient conditions that select for microorganisms adapted to low substrate availability

Species-specific selection for particular combinations of physical habitat characteristics like water depth, current velocity, and substrate size

Male-first flowering phenology where flowers function first as males then as females

Behavior where caddisfly larvae consume material from their own or others' protective cases

Daily behavioral pattern where aquatic organisms move vertically in the water column, typically showing different activity levels during day versus night periods

Physical structure and arrangement of beaver ponds, specifically comparing single isolated ponds versus terraced series of connected ponds

Daily patterns in organism behavior, with some mayfly species showing increased drift activity at night to minimize exposure to visual predators

Differential prey use based on habitat type, with fairy shrimp comprising majority of diet in temporary ponds

Degree of environmental stress affecting survival and reproduction, differing between elevational sites

Algae growing attached to surfaces such as decomposing plant material

Differences between sexes in fluorescent patterns, as identified in Plethodon metcalfi

Univoltine species which develop from overwintered eggs in pools formed by melting snow water