Protocols

Systematic collection of groundwater samples at regular depth intervals using sediment coring and peristaltic pumping, with immediate field analysis and laboratory chemical characterization. Targets t...

Installation of three 10-meter deep monitoring wells along a hillslope transect equipped with suction lysimeters, pressure transducers, and temperature sensors for long-term subsurface monitoring. Wel...

Sampling of 3H and 4He environmental tracers from screened groundwater wells to constrain groundwater age distributions and validate numerical model predictions of mixing between modern and pre-modern...

Autonomous sampling system using osmotic pumps to continuously collect water samples over extended periods for chemical analysis. Tubing inlets placed at different depths collect time-integrated sampl...

Longitudinal grab sampling along Coal Creek mainstem during three critical hydrograph stages (peak flow, falling limb, low flow) across multiple years to characterize spatial and temporal variability ...

Spatially distributed sampling campaign conducted during peak hydrologic conditions to identify locations of enhanced dissolved organic carbon export across a watershed transect.

Collection of dissolved noble gases from groundwater wells using copper tubes with down-hole pumps and back-pressure valves to prevent degassing during sample collection.

Direct measurement of soil depth using auger drilling to bedrock contact, validated with cone penetrometer resistance profiles. Distinguishes mobile regolith from weathered bedrock layers.

Drilling of boreholes in 2017 and 2018 and completion as vertically discrete nested monitoring wells and single monitoring wells. Includes well construction documentation.

Water samples filtered in field using 0.2 micron filter into 50 ml falcon tubes and shipped on ice for analysis.

Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System methods used to survey channel cross-sections and document channel geometry. Cross-sections were re-surveyed to document changes over time.

Sediment samples collected in 15-cm increments using 5 cm diameter soil core sampler with slide hammer, then 8.3 cm diameter bucket auger after reaching coarse alluvium.

Weekly collection of snowmelt at five locations using modified version of Kormos (2005) method, beginning April 1 until full melt achieved.

Samples filtered through 0.22 μm Sterivex filters with housings made of Eastar co-polyester.

Collection and analysis of discrete water quality samples including pesticide analysis. Results include load calculations and water quality parameters.

Gas samples were collected with a peristaltic pump from pre-installed lysimeters and stored in pre-evacuated serum bottles.