Aquilegia micrantha occurs in canyons of the Southwestern United States. The pinkish-yellow flowers are nodding or semi-nodding, mildly scented, protandrous, and secrete a concentrated nectar (46% total sugars). Seed set in flowers under pollinator exclosures was 25% compared with 63% for open-polli

Results from this study suggest that selenium contamination in parts of the upper basin of the Colorado River should be a major concern to recovery efforts for endangered fish.

Close examination of zones of deformation bands in the Entrada Sandstone (Middle Jurassic) near Durango, Colorado suggests that the width of these vertical zones and the displacement across them is directly related to the porosity of the sandstone. Low porosity sandstone is less susceptible to fract

The results indicate that the North Fork Gunnison River has been primarily braided in its lower reaches during the past few hundred years, although the channel planform tends toward a single-thread channel during decades of lower precipitation and discharge.

Organismal phenotypes often co-vary with environmental variables across broad geographic ranges. Less is known about the extent to which phenotypes match local conditions when multiple biotic and abiotic stressors vary at fine spatial scales. Bittercress (Brassicaceae: Cardamine cordifolia), a peren

Abstract The increase of structural growth rates to compensate for a poor initial body condition, defined as compensatory growth, may have physiological costs, but little is known about its effects on individual fitness in the wild. Yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer) are obligate hibernato

This work addressed if and how yellow-bellied marmot, Marmota flaviventris, alarm-calling behaviour was influenced by the presence or absence of both descendent and nondescendent kin, by using total r as a measure of the opportunity for kin selection.

AbstractSulfur (S) is an essential macronutrient and important component of the earth’s crust, and its cycling has critical impacts on trace metal mobility, water quality, and human health. Pyrite weathering is the primary pathway by which sulfur enters surface waters. However, biogeochemical cyclin

Abstract Oviposition and diapause behavior were compared among populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), from six locations in 1994 and 1995. Locations ranged from Winnipeg, Manitoba (49° 49′ N), to Rosemount in east central Minnesota (44° 44′ N). Newly emerged first su

The golden-mantled ground squirrel (Citellus lateralis lateralis) and the least chipmunk (Eutamias minimus consobrinus) were studied in the mountains of west central Colorado where the two species are sympatric and display marked similarities in habitat selection, life cycles and general behavior pa

A district in central Colorado is described in which coals of various ranks occur in a restricted area. Some of these coals have been altered by the intrusion of laccoliths whereas others have been affected only by minor folding. The individual effects of heat and pressure in the development of anth

AbstractUnderstanding the amount of variation in functional traits between closely related species within guilds is critical for understanding links between community composition and ecosystem processes. Nutrient excretion is an important link between animals and their environments, and aquatic inve

The novel hypothesis that endophyte symbiosis promotes host fitness under flooded conditions, contributing to niche differentiation between the two bluegrass species is investigated, demonstrating an overall benefit of fungal symbiosis in this system.

Abstract The frequency and type of dyadic social interactions individuals partake in has important fitness consequences. Social network analysis is an effective tool to quantify the complexity and consequences of these behaviors on the individual level. Less work has used social networks to quantify

Understanding the causes and consequences of population fluctuations is a central goal of ecology. We used demographic data from a long-term (1990–2008) study and matrix population models to investigate factors and processes influencing the dynamics and persistence of a golden-mantled ground squirre

It is suggested that basal metabolic rate is not an appropriate measure of the metabolic activity of free-ranging animals because basal metabolism is a stage on a food-deprivation curve.

Assessing benthic invertebrate community responses to multiple stressors is necessary to improve the success of restoration and biomonitoring projects. Results of mesocosm and field experiments were integrated to predict how benthic macroinvertebrate communities would recover following the removal o

Primers for 10 microsatellite loci developed specifically to amplify low quantity and quality DNA for Gunnison Sage-grouse were found to have levels of variability ranging from two to seven alleles, although one locus revealed significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.