The ability to inhibit Bacillus cereus decreased in extracts from plants harvested from high light environments, which follows plant defense theory, and harvest sustainability in L. porteri is equivocal among the light environments examined in this study, although some medicinal properties vary.

necessary for the appear- ance of a new American Bird-book.Mine must be that the only complete work on Colorado Birds is that of Cooke, which, though brought up-to-date by successive supplements, is now out of print and very difficult to obtain.Moreover, Cooke gives no descriptions or keys, so that

AbstractThe Upper Gunnison Basin (UGB), Colorado, is a montane region characterized by unusual physiography and topographic isolation. Excavations of three caves in the UGB provide one of the most diverse records of high-elevation late Quaternary vertebrates in North America. The localities, Haystac

The observations during 3 years and four separate visits to the localities through the season indicate that Dr Tinkham may have observed the rarely heard virginal or, more probably, normal disturbance-induced flights of females during the early part of the adult season and at times of the day when m

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsRobert StouferRobert Stoufer, a long-time mineral collector, owns a mineral and gift shop in Ouray, Colorado.Tom RosemeyerTom Rosemeyer, owner of Red Mountain Exploration, writes the "Through the 'Sco

AbstractFitness trade‐offs are a foundation of ecological and evolutionary theory because trade‐offs can explain life history variation, phenotypic plasticity, and the existence of polyphenisms.Using a 32‐year mark‐recapture dataset on lifetime fitness for 1093 adult Arizona tiger salamanders (Ambys

Psychological stress induced by exposure to predators has complex effects on the behaviour and physiology of prey species. This includes potential influences on gene expression mediated via stress-responsive physiological pathways such as the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamus–pituitary–adr

The Colorado River provides water to 40 million people in the U.S. Southwest, with river basin spanning 250,000 square miles (647,497 km2). Quantitative water rights assigned to U.S. states, Mexico, and tribes in the Colorado Basin exceed annual streamflows. Climate change is expected to limit strea

In ecological speciation, incipient species diverge due to natural selection that is ecologically based. In flowering plants, different pollinators could mediate that selection (pollinator-mediated divergent selection) or other features of the environment that differ between habitats of 2 species co

Abstract Obtaining body condition is an important life history challenge that directly impacts individual fitness and is particularly important for hibernating animals, whose maintenance of adequate body fat and mass is essential for survival. It is well-documented that host-associated microorganism

Peromyscus gossypinus and Peromyscus nuttalli were collected near Ruston, Louisiana from 1 September 1960 to 1 June 1961. Peromyscus maniculatus was collected near Gothic, Colorado from 1 August 1961 to 20 August 1961 and in the Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument from 23 August 1961 to 1

Pollinator exclusion bags for small herbaceous plants are much more convenient to apply and remove if their bottom edge is made in the form of a cloth tunnel loaded with sand to conform to the terrain. Damage and inadvertent selfing of flowers are minimized.

Field studies that simulate the effects of climate change are important for a predictive understanding of ecosystem responses to a changing environment. Among many concerns, regional warming can result in advanced timing of spring snowmelt in snowpack dependent ecosystems, which could lead to longer

Corydalis caseana ssp. brandegei (Fumariaceae) is a perennial plant that grows in moist, subalpine regions of south central Colorado, USA. Prior to this study, nothing was known of its reproductive biology. The most numerous visitors (59%), and the only known pollinators, were long-tongued bumblebee

This paper consists of some of the results of a collecting trip made by the senior author to the Grand Mesa National Forest, Colorado, during the period of June 12 to July 20, 1930. Al? though the fungi here discussed represent only a small percentage of the total number of collections, it seems tha

Redox reactions underlie several biogeochemical processes and are typically spatiotemporally heterogeneous in soils and sediments. However, redox heterogeneity has yet to be incorporated into mainstream conceptualizations and modeling of soil biogeochemistry. Anoxic microsites, a defining feature of