Biogeochemical processes capable of altering global carbon systems occur frequently in Earth’s Critical Zone–the area spanning from vegetation canopy to saturated bedrock–yet many of these phenomena are difficult to detect. Observation of these processes is limited by the seasonal inaccessibility of

ABSTRACTThe response of summer precipitation in the western United States to climate variability remains a subject of uncertainty. For example, palaeoclimate records indicate the North American Monsoon (NAM) was stronger and spatially more extensive during the Holocene, whereas recent modelling sugg

The production and structure of animal signals may depend on an individual’s health status and may provide more than one type of information to receivers. While alarm calls are not typically viewed as health condition dependent, recent studies have suggested that their structure, and pos- sibly thei

AbstractDissolved oxygen (DO) is critical for aquatic ecosystems, however, few studies have focused on the long‐term DO dynamics in hyporheic zones, which are a function of both transport (hydrologic exchange between river and hyporheic zone) and uptake by biogeochemical reactions or respiration. We

Cricket courtship and male-to-male signals which prevent ipse-sexual courtship are described and illustrated audiospectrographically in Trimerotropis agrestis gracewileyae Tinkham.

Hematological values of scuirids are adaptive to environmental factors such as hypoxia of burrows and high altitude, temperature and metabolic rate, and PCV of yellow-bellied marmots evidences an adaptive response to high altitude when compared to the closely-related woodchuck, M. monax.

Bromus tectorum L. (Cheatgrass, Downy brome) is an invasive grass that has recently proliferated within the Gunnison Basin, Colorado. This study examined variation in germination in response to temperature, storage duration, and habitat. Four populations within the Gunnison Basin were sampled. Seeds

THE Colorado River is a muddy stream that constitutes the lifeblood of the Pacific Southwest, the most important feature of which is the ultimate scarcity of its water or its ultimate inability to supply the potential needs of the communities dependent on it for irrigation and domestic water supply.

Journal Article Pharyngeal and Lingual Adaptations in the Beaver Get access Richard W. Coles Richard W. Coles The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (present address: Joint Science Department, the Claremont Colleges, Claremont, California 91711). Search for other w

SUMMARY. A total of 60 robins, nearly equally divided among eastern and western species (Turdus migratorius migratorius and T. m. propinquus respectively), and also almost evenly divided between juvenile and adult birds, has been studied for the relative incidence of blood parasites. Malaria of four

The carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) emissions of woodburning stoves have been measured under field conditions and the rate reductions occur because the certified stoves burn cleaner and the average burn rate of certify stoves in field use is less than the averageBurn rate of convent

A spatially-distributed snow energy and mass balance model, updated with all available snowpack observations, is used to assess the potential for water augmentation by winter orographic cloud seeding in the Colorado River Basin. The modeling system outputs snow water equivalent (SWE) on a 1 km grid

The Iowa darter (Etheostoma exile) was first captured in Little Yampa Canyon, Yampa River, Colorado, by electrofishing in autumn 2003, and abundance of this nonnative species increased during 2004–2007. The Iowa darter also expanded downstream 229 river km, based on captures of young fish in a drift

Individual plants can modify the microenvironment within their spatial neighborhood. However, the consequences of microenvironment modification for demography and species interactions remain unclear at the community scale. In a study of co‐occurring alpine plants, we 1) determined the extent of spec

Across animal systems, abiotic environmental features, including timing of seasonal events and weather patterns, affect fitness. An individual’s degree of social integration also has fitness consequences, but we lack an understanding of how abiotic features relate to patterns of individual sociality

Abstract High elevation and latitude ecosystems are experiencing high levels of anthropogenic atmospheric warming. Climate warming may directly change soil microbial activity and alter ecosystem carbon dynamics and productivity, but increasing evidence suggests these responses may depend on other bi