Concepts

October through September annual cycle used for water resource analysis

Microbial process where methane is oxidized under anoxic conditions, often coupled to reduction of alternative electron acceptors

An approximation of non-water stressed evapotranspiration calculated using energy-only methods from net radiation estimates

Naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen (²H) and oxygen (¹⁸O) in water molecules used to trace water sources and movement through soil-plant systems

The relationship between solute concentrations and discharge in streams, widely used as a metric for interpreting interaction of hydrological processes, chemical transport, and mineral reactions in wa...

The oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via nitrite, linking nitrogenous organic matter remineralization to nitrogen loss processes in the microbial N-cycle

Chemical and physical breakdown of sedimentary shale rocks through interactions with water, atmospheric gases, and biological processes

The movement of water from the soil to the plant's stomata which is then released into the atmosphere, serving as an indicator of plant water status

Areas of disproportionately high biogeochemical activity or export relative to surrounding landscape

Distributions that provide fundamental insights on hydrological processes within watersheds by describing how long water spends underground

The division of water flow between different hydrological pathways including surface flow, shallow subsurface flow, and deep groundwater flow

Statistical assessment of how well model outputs match observational data using metrics like correlation and efficiency measures

Spatial organization of aerobic and anaerobic zones based on dissolved oxygen availability that controls biogeochemical reactions

Biogeochemically active zones in riparian floodplains where enhanced nitrogen transformations occur due to groundwater-surface water interactions

The interplay of belowground, microsite-scale biological, physical, and chemical processes that intersect to drive whole-ecosystem functioning

Heat transfer through soil via molecular conduction

Redox-stratified and temporally dynamic sediments in river corridors where biological processes mediate sulfur transformations

Microbial reduction of sulfate coupled to organic matter oxidation in anoxic environments resulting in formation of low solubility sulfide minerals

Mathematical model describing sigmoidal population growth with carrying capacity constraints

Process where cations in solution exchange with cations adsorbed on mineral surfaces

Concentration-discharge pattern where solute concentrations remain relatively constant across flow conditions, indicated by C-Q slope near zero

Process of using large-scale climate model outputs to generate local or regional scale climate projections

Speed of water flow in streams, affecting nutrient movement and algal composition

Statistical approach to quantify proportional contributions of different water sources to mixed samples using tracer concentrations