Protocols

Comprehensive measurement of soil nutrients, moisture, pH, topographic aspect, and interpolated climate variables to characterize abiotic conditions at vegetation sampling sites.

Time-series analysis of Landsat and Sentinel satellite imagery to determine seasonal snow disappearance dates using Normalized Difference Snow Index with interpolation algorithms to fill temporal gaps...

Machine learning approach for snow cover mapping using PlanetScope imagery with multiple model configurations incorporating spectral, topographic, and vegetation variables. Performance evaluation acro...

Repeated measurements of plant morphological traits (tillers, leaves, height) and survival tracking to assess fitness responses to experimental treatments.

Experimental removal of workers of specific sizes from ant colonies to test effects on subsequent reproductive output. Workers were collected, measured, and selectively removed or returned to test siz...

Machine learning approach using Random Forest algorithms to downscale coarse resolution climate data to higher spatial resolution using topographic predictors. Models are trained on relationships betw...

Systematic survey of pocket gopher soil disturbances (eskers, mounds) along standardized transects using rolatape measuring wheels with perpendicular PVC pipe to standardize observation width. Each di...

Processing of discrete-return LiDAR data using lidR package to generate canopy height models. Includes normalization, subsetting, and reprojection.

Statistical method used to fill missing data areas using relationships between 2018 and 2019 snow depths or snow depth to elevation relationships.

Calculation of Normalized Differential Vegetation Index from 4-band aerial imagery using (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red) formula.

UAV flights using DJI Mavic 2 Pro collecting RGB images with 3cm ground sample distance. Images processed via Structure from Motion in Agisoft Metashape to create georeferenced orthomosaics.

High-density airborne LiDAR scans collected in August-September 2015 and 2019 to generate normalized point clouds.

Resampling of 0.6m resolution imagery to 1m grid resolution using bilinear interpolation.

Temperatures above 5°C summed only for days estimated to be free of snow to measure energy available for biological processes.

Applies subcanopy solar radiation model from Bode et al. 2014 to account for vegetation shading greater than 1m in height.