Protocols

Processing of gridded climate data from the CRU TS3.1 dataset with lapse rate adjustment for elevation differences between grid cells and actual study locations, validated against local meteorological...

A novel approach combining LSTM neural networks with process-based ecological understanding to predict evapotranspiration and ecosystem respiration. The method integrates temporal pattern recognition ...

A custom atmospheric correction procedure for VSWIR hyperspectral data that uses ACORN-6LX software with 200-meter processing kernels incorporating local topography and view-angle geometry to account ...

Fresh plant tissue is collected during peak hydration, weighed fresh, dried at controlled temperature, then reweighed to calculate water content as the difference between wet and dry weights.

Frequent collection and ICP-MS analysis of river water samples to detect thorium concentration excursions as indicators of bedrock fracture processes. Samples collected up to daily frequency and analy...

Numerical solution of the one-dimensional Richards equation using PFLOTRAN software to simulate soil water flow and generate synthetic soil moisture data for method testing.

A methodology using random forest algorithms to fill missing values in sub-hourly groundwater monitoring data with entropy-based uncertainty quantification.

A custom ray tracing algorithm that generates shade masks for hyperspectral imagery by calculating paths between the sun, ground points, and sensor using solar geometry, sensor view angles, and digita...

Taxonomic classification of microbial communities using ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3) marker genes identified through Hidden Markov Models and phylogenetic analysis.

Use of small unoccupied aircraft systems with thermal infrared cameras to identify groundwater discharge zones in stream corridors through temperature contrast detection. Real-time thermal data visual...

In-field filtering of water samples using 0.2 µm polyethersulfone syringe filters. Removes particulate matter from surface water and groundwater samples.

Methane concentrations measured using headspace equilibration technique and gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector.

Excavation of soil pits and installation of sensors at 5, 15, and 50 cm depths with proper soil horizon replacement.

Images were processed in Agisoft Metashape Software to derive a georeferenced dense point cloud and 3D model, then orthorectified and combined into a mosaic.

Uses WIBS-Neo (DMT) to detect fluorescent bioaerosol particles (0.5-30 microns) based on excitation at 280 nm and 370 nm with emission detection at 310-400 nm and 420-650 nm wavelengths. Classifies pa...